Conditions

Acne

Understanding Acne

Acne is a common skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide, primarily during adolescence but also into adulthood. It is characterised by the appearance of pimples, blackheads, whiteheads, cysts, and nodules on the skin, primarily on the face, neck, back, shoulders, and chest. Acne occurs when hair follicles, or pores, become clogged with oil (sebum), dead skin cells, and bacteria. While acne is not life-threatening, it can cause significant emotional distress, affect self-esteem, and, in severe cases, lead to permanent scarring.

The skin is composed of several layers, with the outermost layer called the epidermis, and the layer beneath it called the dermis. Hair follicles are present in the dermis and are connected to sebaceous glands, which produce sebum. Sebum helps to protect and moisturise the skin, but when produced in excess, it can lead to clogged pores.

What Causes Acne

Hormonal Changes

One of the primary causes of acne is hormonal changes, particularly during puberty. During this time, the body undergoes significant hormonal fluctuations that increase sebum production. Androgens, a type of hormone that increases during puberty, can enlarge sebaceous glands, leading to excessive oil production. Hormonal changes related to menstrual cycles, pregnancy, and the use of oral contraceptives can also trigger acne flare-ups in women

Excess Sebum Production

Sebum is a natural oil produced by the sebaceous glands to lubricate the skin and hair. However, when these glands produce too much oil, it can mix with dead skin cells and block hair follicles. This blockage creates an environment conducive to bacterial growth, leading to inflammation and the development of acne lesions. People with naturally oily skin are more prone to acne due to the higher likelihood of excess sebum production.

Bacteria

The skin naturally harbours various bacteria, including Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), which is typically harmless. However, when hair follicles become clogged, P. acnes can multiply rapidly within the blocked pores. The presence of these bacteria can trigger an immune response, leading to inflammation, redness, and the formation of pimples. Inflammatory acne, characterised by red, swollen lesions, is often the result of this bacterial overgrowth.

Dead Skin Cells

The skin continuously sheds dead cells as part of its natural renewal process. In individuals with acne, these dead skin cells may not shed properly and can accumulate in the hair follicles, contributing to clogged pores. This accumulation, combined with excess sebum, provides a breeding ground for bacteria and leads to the formation of acne lesions. Regular exfoliation can help remove dead skin cells and prevent pore blockages.

Genetic Factors

Genetics play a significant role in determining an individual’s susceptibility to acne. If one or both parents have acne, there is a higher likelihood that their children will also develop the condition. Genetic factors can influence the size and activity of sebaceous glands, the rate of skin cell turnover, and the body’s inflammatory response, all of which can contribute to acne development.

Diet and Lifestyle

High-glycemic-index foods, such as sugary snacks and refined carbohydrates, may increase blood sugar levels and trigger hormonal changes that lead to increased sebum production. Dairy products have also been linked to acne in some studies. Additionally, lifestyle factors such as stress and lack of sleep can impact hormone levels and immune function, potentially worsening acne symptoms.

Environmental Factors

Environmental factors, including pollution and humidity, can also contribute to acne. Pollutants can settle on the skin and mix with sebum and dead skin cells, leading to clogged pores. High humidity levels can increase oil production and make the skin more prone to acne. Moreover, the use of heavy or comedogenic skincare and makeup products can block pores and contribute to acne development.

Solution Options

Acne Medi-Facial

An acne medi-facial is a specialised facial treatment designed specifically for acne-prone skin. This treatment combines deep cleansing, exfoliation, extraction, and the application of therapeutic masks and serums to address the root causes of acne. By targeting clogged pores, excess oil, and bacteria, medi-facials can significantly reduce inflammation and promote healing. These facials are customised to meet individual skin needs, ensuring that each treatment session is tailored to the specific condition of the patient’s skin. Regular acne med-facials can help maintain clear skin, prevent future breakouts, and improve overall skin texture.

Q-Switched Laser Treatment for Acne

The Q-Switched Laser treatment is a great option for those struggling with acne. This laser targets acne-prone skin, promoting a clearer complexion by addressing both the bacteria-causing acne and the pigmentation issues resulting from acne scars. The laser’s power settings can be adjusted to various levels and frequencies to suit your particular condition and expectations.

Chemical Peel

A chemical peel is a procedure that aims to enhance the skin’s appearance by applying a chemical solution that consists of a blend of glycolic, salicylic and lactic acids with a pH value of around 1.9, which exfoliates and eventually peels off the outer layer of the skin. This process promotes the regeneration of new, healthier skin, resulting in a smoother, radiant complexion. Chemical peels are commonly used to address issues such as wrinkles, uneven skin tone, and scars, particularly those caused by acne.

Acne Skin Boosters

Acne Skinboosters are injectable treatments designed to improve acne-prone skin, enhance the skin’s hydration levels, and improve texture. This treatment is particularly beneficial for individuals with persistent acne and scarring. Regular treatments can help maintain clear, hydrated skin and prevent future acne flare-ups. We proudly offer a range of high-quality skinboosters including Chanel Injection, Collagen Amino Booster, PDRN (婴儿针),Italian Bella Hydrolift.

Photodynamic Therapy Blue Light Therapy (PDT)

PDT is a non-invasive treatment that uses a photosensitising agent and blue light to target and destroy acne-causing bacteria. This therapy also reduces the size of sebaceous glands, decreasing oil production and preventing future breakouts. PDT is effective for treating moderate to severe acne and can also help improve the appearance of acne scars. The treatment is suitable for most skin types and is another solution for managing acne, especially for individuals who have not responded well to other treatments.

Acne Cortisone Injection

Cortisone injections are used to treat severe, inflamed acne lesions such as cysts and nodules. These injections contain a corticosteroid medication that quickly reduces inflammation, swelling, and pain. Cortisone injections can provide rapid relief from painful acne and help prevent scarring by reducing the size of the lesion. This treatment is typically administered by a doctor and is suited for individuals with stubborn acne lesions that do not respond to other treatments. While cortisone injections are generally used as a supplementary treatment for severe cases rather than as a primary solution for overall acne management.

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